Jitter transformations in measurement instruments and discrepancies between measurement results

Jitter measurement with different time domain instruments (TDI) have been extensively studied in numerous works. These works covered different measurement instruments including equivalent-time (ETO) or sampling and real-time oscilloscopes (RTO), time interval analyzers (TIA), etc. However, in the published papers there is a lack of analysis of jitter transformations in different TDIs. Some publications pointed out discrepancies between measurements results carried out by different instruments, but the reasons of the discrepancies have not been explained. In this paper we research jitter transformations for typical jitter terms measurements with different instruments. It is demonstrated that jitter transformation depends both - on the measured jitter term, and the type of measurement instrument used. It is shown that jitter undergoes different transformations in different instruments. These transformation models are studied. The distinctions of both deterministic and random jitter (DJ and RJ respectively) transformations of measurements using various instruments are illustrated and analyzed. The experiments are discussed. The obtained results help to explain the discrepancies between different TDI measurement results and establish correct jitter measurement methodology