Experimental Study on the Impact of Multi-Factor on the Emission of TVOC and Formaldehyde from Indoor Materials in Model Test Room

The purpose of this study is to reveal the concentration variations of TVOC and formaldehyde with different types of building and furniture materials under different indoor environment conditions, and consequently provide basic guideline for the selection of indoor materials and the control of main indoor contaminants. A model test room with the size of L × W × H=3.4 × 2.9 × 2.95 m³ was built, and the corresponding area of indoor materials needed in the test room was calculated according to the ratio of the different areas of building and furniture materials exposed to indoor air to the space volume of an actual bedroom. The influencing factors including materials factors (wall surface latex paint, furniture varnish, and composite floor), indoor environmental factors (indoor air temperature, ventilation rate), and these factors levels were determined by using orthogonal experimental design method. The various concentrations of TVOC and formaldehyde under the effect of 2 levels of 5 factors were tested in the model room, and the impacts of these factors on the contaminant concentrations were analyzed. The results show that these factors affecting the concentration of TVOC from strongly to weakly are ventilation rate, wall surface latex paint, furniture varnish, indoor air temperature, and composite floor, respectively; while those factors affecting the concentration of formaldehyde from strongly to weakly are furniture varnish, wall surface latex paint, composite floor, indoor air temperature and ventilation rate, respectively.