Continuous HFSI techniques applied to rotor position estimation of IPMSM at standstill and low speed — A survey

Sensorless techniques have got considerable importance in IPMSM drives researches. In the two past decades, a number of High Frequency Signal Injection (HFSI) techniques have been proposed and developed for IPMSM rotor position estimation at standstill and low speed. These techniques are divided into transient signal injection techniques, which are based on exploiting the PWM signal to extract the rotor position, and continuous signal injection techniques, which are based on stationary frame injection or synchronous frame injection. This paper gives an overview of continuous approaches relative to sensorless position estimation using HFSI techniques. A comparison between their rotor position extraction schemes is established to conclude to advantages and disadvantages of each scheme.