A Survey of RST Invariant Image Watermarking Algorithms

In this paper, we review the algorithms for rotation, scaling and translation (RST) invariant image watermarking. There are mainly two categories of RST invariant image watermarking algorithms. One is to resynchronize the RST transformed image before conducting watermark extraction. Another is to embed and extract watermark in an RST invariant or semi-invariant domain. We discuss in detail the work principles of the typical RST invariant image watermarking algorithms, analyze the performance of these typical algorithms through implementation and point out their advantages and disadvantages