A planar reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna with end-fire beam scan

A novel planar reconfigurable antenna on a thin dielectric substrate based on the Yagi-Uda design rationale is proposed. This design not only can provide the end-fire beam scan with high directivities (at least 7.6 dBi) over a 60° coverage but also can operate at a fixed frequency without frequency shift when beam scans. The efficiencies of the antenna in all scanning scenarios are better than 78.5% or -1 dBi in terms of the 3D average gain.