Proximity effect of UWB antenna on human body

In this paper, two types of UWB antennas, with and without band-notched characteristics were placed in proximity of the human body. The effects of the human body on the impedance and gain are investigated. The transmission performance is also analyzed for the different body orientations. Generally, the impedance is sensitive to the presence of the body, although the band-notched characteristic is retained. The RF transmission is dependent on the body orientation and antenna separation from the body. At certain orientations, the attenuation due to the absorption by the body can actually be reduced when the reflection by the human body becomes dominant.