Monte Carlo Simulations of Thin Internal Target Scattering in Celsius

In the actual operation of the storage ring CELSIUS with the hydrogen pellet target, we sometimes observe a cooling phenomenon in the longitudinal phase space, that is, the circulating beam’s rf phase width gets shrunk instead of blown up. This phenomenon occurs independently on the electron cooling. In this paper we intend to study and interpret this phenomenon as well as the beam lifetime in the presence of hydrogen pellet target with and without rf and with and without electron cooling by using Monte Carlo simulations [1].