Estimating the residual range of motorcycles powered by lead acid batteries

This paper investigates estimation of the state-of-charge in lead-acid batteries for battery powered motorcycles. The electrochemical resistance variations in the electrolyte concentrations are estimated for the state-of-charge. This is a real time approach that can be implemented using a digital signal processor. In these experiments, the lead acid batteries were charged and discharged using different procedures to obtain the variations in the charge and resistance profiles to analyze the accuracy of the proposed methods for estimation the capacitances and residue energies.