Molecular sensing and processing on photons

Various macroscopic communication, energy harvesting, sensing and processing devices operate by absorbing and emitting photons. For these devices, the Bose distribution equation provides the density of states, probabilities and other essential quantities of the electromagnetic radiation field. Fundamental limits are reached for scaled down mesoscopic devices which utilize conventional principles in order to ensure overall functionality. To enable overall performance and capabilities of sensing and processing devices, microscopic devices have being introduced. These devices operate utilizing quantum phenomena, and, must be examined using quantum mechanics. The fundamentals and device physics of microscopic and macroscopic devices are different. Engineered and natural microscopic photonic devices are examined in this paper.