An adaptive energy-saving routing algorithm for mobile wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor nodes are mostly limited in their energy. Therefore, it becomes a challenge to extend sensor nodes´ life while maintaining the network overall performance. Mobility of the network sensor nodes may accelerate energy depletion and increase the need for effective energy-conserving WSN routing protocols. In this paper, we present a novel energy-saving routing scheme for mobile WSN. Our proposed routing algorithm adapts dynamically to network node´s energy-level. For data transport to the network base-station (network sink), it selects only nodes that balance the mobile WSN energy saving distribution. Simulation experiment was conducted to obtain relationships between various algorithm performance measures and network parameters such as: network number of sensors, sensors´ message memory/buffer size, message arrival rate, number of duplicates allowed, and transmission/reception distance. The results suggest that the proposed MSN routing algorithm gives around 10% gain of throughput, reduces message duplicates by eight times, eliminates congestion to 0% in average, and increases nodes´ life, e.g., First Node to Die (FND), by twofold with a non-significant increase of message delay and jitter.