Oxygen enrichment for cement kiln firing

The use of oxygen enrichment to increase clinker production has been well documented. Oxygen enrichment has also proven beneficial in controlling and maintaining stable kiln operations. This paper compares theoretical calculations with practical experience in the use of oxygen enrichment in cement kilns. Considering a wet process kiln, the performance of oxygen enrichment can be predicted when the concepts of high grade and low grade energy are utilized in their respective thermal zones. These concepts are used to predict the benefits of oxygen enrichment to increase clinker production and also maximize the potential substitution of waste-derived fuels for fossil fuels