Recovering lost capacity in 2 volt VRLA cells by way of the IOVR™ process and the duration of that recovered capacity

This paper will trace the previous 13 year history of the varying attempts to perform field recovery on 2 volt VRLA cells that are suffering from PCL (premature capacity loss). It is well understood that GNB was the first manufacturer in the USA to bring a large capacity VRLA AGM cell into the US market with their Absolyte I product, which immediately gained acceptance and substantial market share, and was obviously followed by the other US manufacturers into the market place with their own VRLA products. Also as everyone here understands there have been numerous papers at this and at other conferences that at least since 1985 have documented the ldquoearly failuresrdquo with these cells from all over the world.