Families of complex pole filters

Second order complex pole networks can be realized by adding appropriate second order transfer functions to first order functions. A feedforward topology is described, and some new voltage-mode and current-mode feedforward filter realizations are proposed as illustrations. Current-mode filters are constructed through the feedforward concept, or obtained from voltage-mode ones by use of circuit conversion theorems. A corollary is proposed and proved. Simulations and laboratory results are provided for a new circuit realization.