Three-dimensional tree simulation utilizing two- or three-layer model

We carried out three-dimensional tree simulation in the presence of a barrier and an air layer between a needle electrode and a plane electrode based on a dielectric breakdown model (DBM) considering growth probability. It was found that a three-layer model is similar to a two-layer model. However, the three-layer model can simulate more accurately than the two-layer model in detail. In the three-layer model, the simulated tree tends to propagate while creeping on or developing along the barrier. Therefore, it is suggested that the three-dimensional tree simulation of the three-layer model is valid for simulating composite insulating systems with a barrier and an air layer.