Comparative analysis between FFT and Kalman filter approaches for harmonic components detection

This paper presents a numerical comparison between the FFT and the Kalman filter applied for harmonic components detection in different situation of the grid operation. Some pitfalls of the FFT are showed and the results are compared with the Kalman filter approach. It is considered signals with step changes in amplitude, frequency and phase. An analysis of these results is made demonstrating the better behavior of the Kalman filter approach in comparison to the FFT.