The Exploitation of Rice Paddy Field and its Ecological Protection

As the typical agricultural ecological section, the constructed wetland of rice paddy field is one of the most important environmental assets of human being, it´s closely interrelated to our life and social development. However, with the development of economic, a large area of irrational exploitation and utilization occurred in the wetlands by human being, resulting a decreasing of natural wetlands and constructed wetlands like rice paddy field. In the process of modernization, the reduction of wetland diversity is one of the environmental problems that rivers and lakes faced. The protection of biodiversity and habitats in rice paddy fields have been paid broad attention and there are already some large-scale protection projects exited. However, the artificial protection of rice paddy field cannot directly improve it´s production and is difficult to popularize widely. This article take an example of rice paddy field´s ecological protection in lake Biwa, analyzing the main roles´ function in the utilizing and development of rice paddy field, building the pattern of biodiversity in paddy field and analyzed its effects to the environment of wetland´s ecology and village, providing a theoretical basis for the policy-making in protection of rice paddy field.