An Energy-Time Based Load Balancing Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks

The load profiles of Parent Nodes (PNs) in a network can be used to define their current state as well as to predict potential failures caused by energy loss due to high loads on particular PNs. This paper presents a novel load balancing model that maintains PNs in a state whereby the time-to-live requirement is met. Our model is distributed and utilises historical load profile information about each PN to improve the estimate accuracy of its remaining lifetime before failure. Results prove that the proposed methodology achieves effective reconfiguration performance as well as maintains QoS, especially in high density ad hoc networks.