Improving End-to-End Performance of Wireless Mesh Networks through Smart Association

In a wireless mesh network, a client station needs to associate with a mesh access point for network access. Conventional association mechanisms assume a high-speed backhaul and only the access link being the bottleneck. This assumption holds for most WLANs, but in wireless mesh networks traffic could be bottlenecked either by the access link or by the bandwidth-limited wireless backhaul. In this paper, we propose an association mechanism for wireless mesh networks to improve stations´ end- to-end communication performance with the Internet. A station makes its association decision by jointly considering the quality of the access link between the station and the candidate mesh access point as well as the cost of the multi-hop path from the mesh access point to the gateway. In addition, we design two access link metrics, Contention Aware Expected Transmission Time (CAETT) and Load Aware Expected Transmission Time (LAETT). The main strength of CAETT is incorporating the impact of 802.11 MAC layer contention on the bandwidth sharing among the multi-rate stations. LAETT further captures the traffic load. We evaluate the performance of our system through simulations and demonstrate that the proposed joint association mechanism with the CAETT/LAETT metric can significantly improve the end-to-end performance for wireless mesh networks by up to 60%.