A novel coverage-preserving algorithm with energy efficiency

Deploying wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been an area of interest in recent years. Adoption of WSNs with energy efficiency is a critical issue since the energy of sensor nodes is usually rather limited. Energy-efficient coverage control is regarded as an essential factor influencing the performance of WSNs. Coverage might gradually degrade after the activation of WSNs. Thus, a novel coverage-preserving algorithm (CPA) that is able to prolong the lifetime and to maximize the coverage is proposed in this study. The new scheme turns redundant nodes off according to the optimal arrangement based on a Memetic Algorithm (MA), and awakens some inactive nodes at proper time to recover the lost coverage due to the node failure or energy exhaustion. Simulation results via a cluster-based WSN (CWSN) show that the performance of the suggested algorithm is promising in terms of energy efficiency and coverage preservation.