Broadside radiation synthesis of Concentric Circular Antenna Array using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization

In many applications it is desirable to have the maximum radiation of an array directed normal to the axis of the array (Broadside radiation). In this paper, the optimal broadside radiation patterns of three-ring Concentric Circular Antenna Arrays (CCAA) with and without central element feeding are reported. For each optimal synthesis, optimal current excitation weights and optimal radii of the rings are determined having the objective of maximum Sidelobe Level (SLL) reduction. A new class of Particle Swarm Optimization technique namely Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) is described. The extensive computational results show that the particular CCAA containing 4, 6 and 8 number of elements in three successive rings along with central element feeding yields grand minimum SLL (-55.86 dB).