DocumentCode :
3286523
Title :
High resistance grounding of low voltage systems: a standard for the petroleum and chemical industry
Author :
Nelson, John P. ; Sen, Pankaj K.
Author_Institution :
NEI Electric Power Eng. Inc., USA
fYear :
1996
fDate :
23-25 Sep 1996
Firstpage :
19
Lastpage :
26
Abstract :
A debate has existed in the petroleum and chemical industry for years concerning the grounding of LV (480-600 V) power systems. Since reliability and continuity of service are important in the petrochemical industry, some engineers in the past preferred using an ungrounded system. The practicality of such ungrounded systems becomes questionable as the size and extent of coverage increases. This paper begins with a brief history of low voltage grounding which includes ungrounded, solidly grounded and resistance grounded systems. As part this discussion, benefits and limitations of each system are covered. Reliability, continuity of service and personnel safety are important issues and are discussed. It is shown that the use of high resistance grounded LV power systems makes good sense in the petrochemical industry. Design, construction, operation and maintenance factors for high resistance grounded power systems are discussed and analyzed. The use of a high resistance grounded power system when three-phase, four-wire loads are present is discussed, Finally, operational problems and solutions are discussed where significant variable speed drive loads are utilized. The use of a high-resistance grounded power system provides so many benefits that it should become a standard of the industry, and the solidly grounded power system should be used only in applications where the high resistance grounded system becomes impractical
Keywords :
earthing; industrial power systems; maintenance engineering; petroleum industry; power system protection; power system reliability; safety; 480 to 600 V; LV power system grounding; construction; design; high-resistance grounding systems; maintenance factors; operation; personnel safety; petrochemical industry; protection; service continuity; service reliability; three-phase four-wire loads; variable speed drive loads; Chemical industry; Grounding; History; Low voltage; Petrochemicals; Petroleum; Power engineering and energy; Power system analysis computing; Power system reliability; Reliability engineering;
fLanguage :
English
Publisher :
ieee
Conference_Titel :
Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 1996, Record of Conference Papers. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated Industry Applications Society 43rd Annual
Conference_Location :
Philadelphia, PA
ISSN :
0090-3507
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-3587-2
Type :
conf
DOI :
10.1109/PCICON.1996.564858
Filename :
564858
Link To Document :
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