Multi-level tamper detection and recovery with tamper type identification

A fragile watermarking scheme with simple and effective tamper detection and recovery capability is proposed in this paper. In this new scheme, not only one parity-check watermark but also two copies of feature-bit watermark are embedded. For tamper detection, a new multi-level tamper detection strategy including intra-block detection, inter-block detection and adjacent-block based detection is proposed. Particularly, in the inter-block detection, the two copies of feature-bit watermark are used to improve detection performance as well as identifying the tampering type. Experimental results shows that the tamper detection capability is superior to other techniques.