Symmetrically multi-connected optical WAN network architectures: Multi-dual ring connected and multi-shuffle connected shuffle networks

The authors propose two symmetrically multi-connected optical WAN (wide area network) network architectures which do not require a technology breakthrough but can achieve a high throughput with flexible routing schemes and demonstrate possibility for modular growth. The study has been done with respect to conventional ShuffleNet under the assumption of a uniform traffic pattern. These architectures require the same type of network interface unit as required by the Perfect Shuffle Networks while achieving a better performance for WAN in terms of average number of weighted hops, aggregate throughput, and alternative routing schemes because the local traffic can be distinguished from the remote traffic in these networks