Extension of Newton Raphson load flow techniques to cover multi unified power flow controllers

This paper proposes a method to calculate the load flow of power systems in which unified power flow controllers (UPFCs) are embedded. First, the load flow equations of the power system (including the UPFCs) are derived and then the algorithm is developed based on the Newton Raphson load flow (NRLF) technique. The method inherits the basic properties of the NRLF approach. Numerical computation using the proposed method on standard testing programs indicates that this algorithm is both reliable and efficient