Notice of RetractionNumerical Simulation of the River Plumes in the Bohai Sea

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Yellow, Haihe and Daliaohe Rivers are three major rivers flowing into the Bohai Sea. The evolution of the river plumes in the marine environment under the influence of the freshwater buoyancy, tidal forcing and wind stress is reproduced using a three-dimensional baroclinic ocean circulation model, since these rivers are the important sources of the fresh waters and the land-drained pollutants. It is found that although both tide and wind are able to weaken the vertical stratifications caused by the buoyancy, the process are controlled by different mechanisms: in the tide case an upward mixing is remarkable, whereas the wind stirs the water in the opposite direction. By comparing the simulations to observations, it can be suggested that it is the river plume evolution that determines the salinity distribution in BS.