DocumentCode
3320141
Title
Notice of Retraction
Eco-Toxicity of the Mixture of Xylene and Pnitrotoluene to the Freshwater Brocarded Carp
Author
Hongyan Shen ; Guoxia Zhang ; Lei Yang ; Min Li ; Hongyan Zhang
Author_Institution
Sch. of Environ. Sci. & Eng., Hebei Univ. of Sci. & Lechnology, Shijiazhuang, China
fYear
2011
fDate
10-12 May 2011
Firstpage
1
Lastpage
4
Abstract
Notice of Retraction
After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.
We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.
The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.
In order to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of xylene and pnitrotoluene to Brocarded Carp, alone and in combination, acute and joint toxicity test of xylene and pnitrotoluene in aquatic environment to Brocarded Carp were studied. Brocarded Carp was employed and introduced into different test solutions contained two compounds for 96h. According to the mortality of fish within 96h, the LC50 value were calculated using the Karbers method. The 96h LC50 of xylene and pnitrotoluene to Brocarded Carp was 31.01-39.47mg/L and 37.6-44.14 mg/L, respectively. The results showed Brocarded Carp was more sensitive to xylene. The results was in consistent with the structure-activity theory. Three evaluation approaches (Toxic Units, additional Index, mixture toxic index) provided a means of estimating the toxicity of mixtures and they were applied to evaluate the joint toxicity of two chemicals to Brocarded Carp in this study. The results indicated that the joint action of the binary mixtures of xylene and pnitrotoluene in equi-concentration ratio on Brocarded Carp was significantly antagonistic action in 96h, when all three approaches were used to assess the toxicity of the mixtures. The joint toxicity action of two chemicals was significantly weakened compared with individual compound toxicities when they were co-existed in the water environment. The results showed that the joint toxicity of the benzene substituted compound having the substituents of methyl and nitro in the mixture was weakened.
After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.
We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.
The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.
In order to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of xylene and pnitrotoluene to Brocarded Carp, alone and in combination, acute and joint toxicity test of xylene and pnitrotoluene in aquatic environment to Brocarded Carp were studied. Brocarded Carp was employed and introduced into different test solutions contained two compounds for 96h. According to the mortality of fish within 96h, the LC50 value were calculated using the Karbers method. The 96h LC50 of xylene and pnitrotoluene to Brocarded Carp was 31.01-39.47mg/L and 37.6-44.14 mg/L, respectively. The results showed Brocarded Carp was more sensitive to xylene. The results was in consistent with the structure-activity theory. Three evaluation approaches (Toxic Units, additional Index, mixture toxic index) provided a means of estimating the toxicity of mixtures and they were applied to evaluate the joint toxicity of two chemicals to Brocarded Carp in this study. The results indicated that the joint action of the binary mixtures of xylene and pnitrotoluene in equi-concentration ratio on Brocarded Carp was significantly antagonistic action in 96h, when all three approaches were used to assess the toxicity of the mixtures. The joint toxicity action of two chemicals was significantly weakened compared with individual compound toxicities when they were co-existed in the water environment. The results showed that the joint toxicity of the benzene substituted compound having the substituents of methyl and nitro in the mixture was weakened.
Keywords
ecology; toxicology; water pollution; Karbers method; ecotoxicity; fish mortality; freshwater Crocarded Carp; pnitrotoluene; structure-activity theory; xylene; Chemicals; Compounds; Indexes; Joints; Marine animals; Water pollution;
fLanguage
English
Publisher
ieee
Conference_Titel
Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, (iCBBE) 2011 5th International Conference on
Conference_Location
Wuhan
ISSN
2151-7614
Print_ISBN
978-1-4244-5088-6
Type
conf
DOI
10.1109/icbbe.2011.5780175
Filename
5780175
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