Target Tracking with Monitor and Backup Sensors in Wireless Sensor Networks

We propose target tracking with monitor and backup sensors in wireless sensor networks (TTMB) to increase the energy efficiency of the network and decrease the target capturing time while considering the effect of a target´s variable velocity and direction. The approach is based on a face routing and prediction method. We use a state transition strategy, a dynamic energy consumption model, and a moving target positioning model to reduce energy consumption by requiring only a minimum number of sensor nodes to participate in communication, transaction, and sensing for target tracking. Two sensor nodes, namely, ´Monitor´ and ´Backup´, are employed for target tracking for each period of time. For the whole time of target tracking, a linked list of monitor and backup sensors is formed. If either monitor or backup sensor fails, this approach can still survive. Simulation results compared with existing protocols show better tracking accuracy, faster target capturing speed, and better energy efficiency.