Realization of a carbon nanotube based electrochemical fractor

A fractor or a fractional order element should show a constant phase (CP), between ±90° (except 0°) at any frequency, theoretically. However, all the practical realization of single component fractor have limitation in their CP zone. Not many single-component-fractors have been reported having CP zone more than a decade. In this work, new electrochemical type fractors have been developed, by coating a polymer-carbon nanotube (CNT) composite over Cu clad epoxy block and putting the block in polarizing solution. By varying the percentage of CNT in polymer-CNT composite and the nature of polarizing solution, two different types of fractor have been realized. One is a wide-band fractor having CP zone of five decades (20 Hz to 2 MHz) with a ripple of ±2° only. The other one shows two distinct CP zones at two different phase angles. Each zone is about two decade long. These fractors will help to realize fractional order circuits which need to be operated in wide frequency band.