Notice of RetractionPhreatic Vulnerability Evaluation in Haerbin Section of Songhua River

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

In view of the importance of the Songhua River and the current pollution situation of groundwater, the article makes groundwater vulnerability assessment by the improved DRASTIC model within the scope of 5-10km in the Haerbin section of Songhua River. On the basic of analysing intrinsic and special factors which affect the groundwater vulnerability, five indicators are chosen to build the assessment system to accomplish groundwater vulnerability mapping that is then verified by the zonings of groundwater pollution. Finally, the rationality of the indicators is discussed with the method of single-parameter sensitivity. The results showed that high and relatively high vulnerability areas accounting for 19.6% of the study area distribute in the floodplain of the North Songhua River and Haerbin Cement Plant in the south Songhua River. The actual phreatic vulnerability in Haerbin section of Songhua River is basically tested by the assessment results which could be significant for urban planning and sustainable utilization of water resources in basin and the key cities along the River.