Notice of RetractionAnalytical Studies on Groundwater Discharges into Coastal Waters

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

In coastal aquifers the dynamic mixing zone between intruding seawater and fresh groundwater constitutes a zone of salinity transition that may supply brackish groundwater along with chemical tracers and nutrients to coastal waters. Tidal influence has been proposed as a possible mechanism for enhancement of recirculated seawater, total submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), and associated tracer loading through salinity transition zones into coastal waters. To the knowledge of the authors, there is no work in literature which calculates the magnitude of SGD by analytical methods. This paper considers an unconfined coastal aquifer with a horizontal impermeable bottom and a vertical boundary with the tidal water, and extends landward with fixed flux boundary. According to the analytical solution of watertable, we gives the calculating formula of the the magnitude of SGD. Furthermore, the paper will compare the new results of SGD with previous reported high field estimates of SGD.