The design and optimization of a photovoltaic tracking mechanism

The paper presents researches on increasing the efficiency of the photovoltaic conversion by designing a dual-axis tracking system that adjusts the position of the PV module in order to maximize the incident radiation. The design of the tracking system is approached as a mechatronic concept, integrating the control system in the mechanical model of the tracking mechanism. The paper proposes a design strategy based on two steps: designing the optimal tracking system that intends to minimize the actuating forces necessary to track the Sun path, and designing the optimal control law in order to minimize the energy consumption for orientation. The structural solution of the tracking system for study is developed using a method based on the multi-body systems (MBS) theory. The design steps are performed by developing the virtual prototype, which is a control loop composed by the mechanical structure connected with the dynamic model of the actuators and with the controller model.