Notice of RetractionEffects of Natural Solid Carbon Source on Advanced Treatment of Secondary Effluent in Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetland

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Two subsurface-flow wetlands were constructed to carry out the research, wetland 1 without corncob was used as control, wetland 2 with corncob used as natural solid carbon source (NSCS) at the inlet end was used to investigate effects of corncob on advanced treatment of secondary effluent from sewage treatment plant.. The results indicated that the leakage of carbon released from the corncob caused the lower COD removal in wetland 2, however, the nutrients released from the corncob led to higher microbial reproduction and activity, and thus resulted in higher inorganic and total phosphorus removals by microbial assimilation. The improvement of the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) by the carbon released from the corncob enhanced microbial denitrification to result in better removals of the nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen. Wetland 2 also had a better resistance to shock load of nitrate nitrogen. Corncob is favorable for the improvement of pollutants removal from secondary effluent quality from the sewage treatment plant.