Ecological Impacts of Marine Reclamation in Binhai New Area of Tianjin

As a representative of areas with rapid urban sprawl and large-scale reclamation, the West Bohai Bay in Binhai New Area of Tianjin was selected to analyze the ecological influence of marine reclamation in two scales, in the macroscopical scale of landscape change and spatial-temporal evolution, in the microcosmic scale of eco-environmental change of the inshore area, based on the technology of GIS. It is indicated that firstly, by the year of 2010, the added area of reclamation is 312.78 km², the shoreline length raised from 126.74km in 1979 to 262.91km in 2010, the proportion of manmade shoreline length increased from 7.75 % to 73.95%, the shoreline became more and more complex and the landscape naturality declined dramatically. Secondly, as an important aspect of the ecological impacts of reclamation, the deterioration of water quality was discussed. Thirdly, it is calculated that the tidal prism of West Bohai Bay reduced by 13.7%, which affect the dilution and dispersion of the pollutant, further. Then this paper discussed the reduction of fishery resources caused by the marine reclamation. Finally, the function of ecosystem service was affected seriously, it is estimated that the ecosystem service value was 959759.9 × 10⁴ yuan/a, have decreased by 22.6% comparing with the data in 1979.