Modeling and real-time auralization of electrodynamic loudspeaker non-linearities

The non-linear modeling of an electrodynamic speaker is studied and its use for real-time auralization of an arbitrary sound source is considered. First, the dominant observed non-linear behavior is presented. Then, a black-box approach to the system identification task is used seeking a generalized procedure applicable to any loudspeaker. In this respect, a separate identification scheme of the linear and non-linear characteristics of the loudspeaker is proposed. Some physical insight is used later in the model, which causes the loss of some of the desired generality. The model quality is finally assessed through subjective listening tests, and the results are presented.