Experimental measurement of high-gradient standing wave accelerator transport matrix

This paper presents an experimental study of the transverse beam dynamics of an electron beam in a high-gradient, standing wave linear accelerator. A 3.6 MeV beam from the UCLA RF Photoinjector (SATURNUS) is injected at various phases and rf field amplitudes into the plane wave transformer (PWT) linac (peak acceleration 40 MeV/m), and its transverse dynamics measured by a corrector magnet sweeping method. This method allows us to reconstruct the transverse matrix elements, which are compared to analytical predictions (J.B. Rosenzweig and L. Serafini, Physical Review E 49, 1599 (1994)). The determinant of the experimentally derived matrix is found to be the ratio of the initial to final momentum, verifying the theory, and providing direct evidence of adiabatic damping of transverse trace space