Notice of RetractionEconomic Impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms in China

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have become a significant issue in the world. Effective and efficient policy for prevention, restoration and amelioration of HABs events requires an integrated economic analysis of each contributing factor. In this article we will present an integrated model of the economic impacts of HABs events. Such integration consists of: (1) a definition of direct and indirect impacts, (2) a classification of direct and indirect impacts, and (3) an assessment model of direct and indirect impacts of HABs events. This paper will discuss each factor in detail. Furthermore, a case study from China will be given for the application of this model.