Halo formation from axisymmetric breathing beams

We study halo formation from mismatched axisymmetric beams propagating in a periodic solenoidal channel as well as in a uniform channel. Some fundamental properties of halos are self-consistently explored with a one-dimensional space-charge code designed particularly for breathing-mode study. We apply the code to three different types of phase-space distributions, i.e., Gaussian, waterbag and parabolic distribution. A possibility of removing halo particles is also discussed