Numerical simulation of shoreline and beach evolution in East Coast of Singapore

In this paper, a long term topographical change expression is applied to predict the topographic change around series of detached breakwaters, East Coast of Singapore. The sediment transport and wave induced hydrodynamics are solved separately, which is more convenient to predict long-term beach evolution than solving a coupled equation. In applying the sediment transport equation to wave model, the topography change is considered to give a new bathymetry as input for the wave equations, which in return will give a time-dependent hydrodynamic environment. The wave transformation including wave breaking is simulated by solving Boussinesq-type wave equations. The longshore current is simulated by the model under uni-directional waves, which have been applied in erosion control of headland by detached breakwater. The shoreline is found in equilibrium by detached breakwaters and the equilibrium process is simulated with comparison to one-line model empirical equations.