Myocardium excitation velocity as a measure of the ANS cardiovascular control

Modern development of the pacemaker technique enables reliable measurement of intracardiac signals, i.e. of the monophasic action potential (MAP) and of ventricular evoked response (VER), with their nondisturbed characteristic waveforms. The stability and specific ANS reactions of the signals have been validated. This allows one to follow the course of the myocardium excitation and to measure the excitation velocity which is a measure of the ANS cardiovascular control. An algorithm is proposed to define a control parameter that can be applied for the rate-adaptive pacing as well as for diagnostic purposes