Cytocompatible bone cement. I. Interaction between osteoblasts and bone cement incorporating amino groups

To enhance the cytocompatibility of bone cements, amino groups have been incorporated in bone cements by mixing a monomer with an amino group. The modified bone cements were characterized by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), water contact angle measurements, and water absorbency. According to the results of ESCA, amino groups were exposed on the surfaces of the modified bone cements. The water contact angles of the modified bone cements were about the same as that of the control bone cement, but their water absorbencies increased due to the incorporation of amino groups. The cytocompatibility was examined by observing the interaction between bone cements and osteoblasts, bone-forming cells. The cell spreading and cell-growth rate were enhanced by incorporating amino groups