PIFA based reconfigurable multiband antenna for wireless applications

A compact reconfigurable four bands Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) is presented for Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld (DVB-H), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM800, 900, 1800 and 1900), Personal Communications System (PCS), Wireless Local Area Network and Bluetooth (WLAN), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (m-WiMAX) and Hiperlan/2 applications. Two varactor diodes with variable capacitors are used to electrically tune the operating frequencies over a wide range. The overall size of the radiated parts is 31.5 × 30.5 mm² which makes it easy to integrate it into small mobile handset. Depending on the voltage applied to the switches the operating frequencies at 0.7 GHz, 2 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5 GHz can be tuned over 30.48%, 20%, 4% and 4% respectively. The peak gains for the four bands range -4dBi, 3dBi, 3dBi and 6dBi at DVB-H, UMTS, WiAMX and WLAN, respectively. The average efficiency of the four bands ranges from 95% to 85%. The radiation patterns and other discussions are provided.