Propagation modeling and measurements in an urban and suburban environment using broadband direct sequence spread spectrum

Due to the increasing demand for mobile communications, it has been suggested that microcellular high-capacity personal communications networks (PCN) be established in the 2-GHz band using broadband spread-spectrum code-division multiple access communications systems. A theoretical model is developed for out-of-sight propagation in the 2-GHz band using different heights and locations of the transmitting antenna. The theory was verified by experimental results taken in New York City and Long Island areas, using the antenna heights which were less than the heights of the surrounding buildings. The path loss along the out-of-sight street was found to have two distinct characteristics: the first is a sudden power level drop (corner attenuation), and the second is a different slope (attenuation vs. distance) which follows the sudden corner attenuation. Both the theoretical model and the experimental data are presented