Algorithm of optimum restoration of the radiometric image in two-antenna broadband system of aperture synthesis

Radiometric devices and systems widely apply at the solution of problems of radio astronomy, radio meteorology, remote sensing, radar-location and medicine. In such systems power characteristics of radiation of physical objects are subject to estimation. For restoration of radiometric images (power characteristics as functions of angular or spatial coordinates) use two main approaches. The first is based on use of scanning or mobile radiometers. The second is based on use systems of aperture synthesis. In spite of the fact that hardware realization of aperture synthesis systems is more difficult, advantages of their use in problems of images formation are obvious. Such systems allow to reach high resolution on angular (spatial) coordinates. Decades of developing in a depths of radio astronomy they recently extended on the solution of significantly wider class of problems (for example, the SMOS project). However the analysis showed that, paying essential attention to a choice of geometry of antenna arrays, questions of synthesis optimum algorithms of space-time signal processing in such systems need detailed research.