Omnidirectional dielectric electromagnetic band gap antenna for base station of wireless network

Base stations need omnidirectional antennas with high gain and small size. The authors present an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) antenna which has an omnidirectional pattern in the azimuth plane and a low beamwidth in the elevation plane. This antenna, called a coaxial EBG antenna, works at 5.8 GHz and has been designed to have a gain equal to 9 dB. A study of this antenna with two types of excitation, that is to say with a wire-patch antenna and with two planar dipoles, has shown that the results in terms of gain and bandwidth are equivalent. Nevertheless, a certain advantage is given to the excitation by two planar dipoles in terms of side lobes. On the contrary, the wire-patch antenna gives a better omnidirectionality.