Extended division range 2/3 chain frequency divider with dynamic control word

This paper presents a 4-31 programmable frequency divider with dynamic control word built in 90 nm CMOS. The divider uses a chain of 2/3 dual modulus pre-scalar cells. This paper presents a modification to the conventional 2/3 dual modulus pre-scalar building cell. This modification allows changing the control word dynamically during the operation. The divider consists of a chain of four 2/3 dual modulus cells. The maximum operating frequency is 7.9 GHz consuming 24.5 mA at a low voltage supply of 1V.