Quantifying Spinning Reserve in Systems with Significant Wind Power Penetration

With increasing wind power penetration in many power systems, the requirement of spinning reserve is becoming an important issue, which is directly related to the reliability and economy of the system. To analysis it, there are many uncertainties, such as load forecast error, wind forecast error and generator outage rate, which relate system reserve level to the reliability of it. In this paper, a new method is proposed to quantify the system reserve levels. The method considers the probability distribution of forecast errors of wind and load, as well as generator forced outage rate by using the Expectation of Demand Not Served (EDNS) as evaluation index. The proposed method is then applied to a test system. Results illustrate the relationships of uncertainties with the system reserve level.