EBG antenna conformation for beamforming

Conformal antennas design is a new approach of interest to those in radar and communication systems and antenna engineers, creating antennas having any desired pattern radiation which is determined by considerations like the type of the zone to be covered, urban or rural. This paper provides a fundamental understanding of the characteristics of EBG (electromagnetic band-gap) conformal antennas; we have considered planar metallic EBG structures and studied the role of electrical walls and their influence on electromagnetic radiation. An example of the conformal antennas, the sectoral ones, are presented. Then we showed a simulated metallic sectoral EBG antenna for WiMAX application. Finally, we presented a method for antenna beamforming using diodes, starting with a square one.