Convergence analyses of timing and carrier recovery loops for a digital communication channel with an adaptive equalizer

In this paper, convergence behaviors of timing and carrier recovery loops, when an adaptive equalizer is used together with decision-directed types of timing and carrier recovery loops in tracking mode for a digital communication system are discussed. The phenomenon of biasing in timing or carrier phase when convergence parameters of an adaptive equalizer, a timing recovery loop, and a carrier recovery loop are not selected properly is investigated for a digital communication channel.