Title :
Impacts of soil moisture on cognitive radio underground networks
Author :
Xin Dong ; Vuran, Mehmet
Author_Institution :
Cyber-Phys. Networking Lab. Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Abstract :
Wireless underground communications is mainly characterized by the effects of soil moisture on antenna return loss and bandwidth as well as path loss. In this paper, the impacts of soil moisture, especially on underground channel capacity, are analyzed for underground wireless communications. It is shown that for a given antenna and soil moisture level, there exits an optimal operation frequency that maximizes channel capacity. While existing research on wireless underground communication is focused on fixed-frequency systems, this paper motivates the use of cognitive radio systems, which can adjust operation frequency in a wide range, for efficiency for wireless underground communication. Moreover, it is shown that soil type significantly affects the channel capacity and the capacity can be improved by using longer antennas that allow lower operation frequencies. However, the size of the antenna is also limited by other factors, such as device size and deployment challenges.
Keywords :
antennas; channel capacity; cognitive radio; geophysical techniques; moisture; optimisation; soil; underground communication; wireless channels; antenna return loss; antenna size; bandwidth loss; cognitive radio systems; cognitive radio underground networks; device size; optimal operation frequency; path loss; soil moisture level; soil type; underground channel capacity; wireless underground communications; Antennas; Bandwidth; Channel capacity; Permittivity; Resonant frequency; Soil moisture;
Conference_Titel :
Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom), 2013 First International Black Sea Conference on
Conference_Location :
Batumi
Electronic_ISBN :
978-1-4799-0857-8
DOI :
10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2013.6623414