Optimal power flow including transient stability constraints

The power systems operation presents many challenges in terms of quality, economy, and security. In modern power systems, the transmission net is operating close to its security limits. This paper presents a methodology to solve an optimal power flow problem (OPF) with embedded security and transient stability constraints (OPF-ST), which helps to return the system to a normal operating condition after a disturbance. The proposed methodology is able to find the optimal pre- contingency and post-contingency operating points. A modification of the conventional particle swarm optimizer has been used as technique of solution, which use reconstruction operators and dynamic penalizations to handle the constraints. A power system from the open literature is adopted to validate the proposed approach.